Methodology

Lots, framework agreements and dynamic purchasing systems

We count each awarded lot as a contract, which is the general rule of art. 99.7 LCSP (and art. 52 of RDL 3/2020 in the special sectors). There are two exceptions: the combined bid (oferta integradora, art. 99.5) and tender documents that declare a single contract. These cannot always be detected automatically, so such cases are counted as separate lots; we estimate they affect a very small fraction of tenders with lots (around 0.2% allow a combined bid, according to a 2026 sample). Awarding a framework agreement or setting up a dynamic purchasing system fixes conditions and maximum amounts, so it is not counted; the call-off and specific contracts are counted, attributed to whoever wins them. The discount chart shows only ordinary contracts awarded under competition: it excludes negotiated procedures without publication, direct awards and awards with a single bidder. Awards whose bidder count is not published are included.

Text revised in an external review of an informative nature.